What is insomnia?
Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterised by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early and being unable to return to sleep. It is one of the most common sleep complaints, affecting around one in three Australian adults at some point. Chronic insomnia, defined as sleep difficulties occurring at least three nights per week for three months or more, affects approximately 10% of the population.
Symptoms extend beyond nighttime difficulties and include daytime fatigue, irritability, difficulty concentrating, reduced motivation, and impaired performance at work or school. Poor sleep can also affect mood, immune function, and overall health.
Insomnia can be triggered by stress, lifestyle factors, medical conditions, mental health issues, or medications. A range of treatment options are available, and many people may see improvement in their sleep with appropriate support. Your GP will assess your individual circumstances.
When to see a doctor about insomnia
You should see a GP if you have been experiencing difficulty sleeping for more than a few weeks, if poor sleep is affecting your daytime functioning, or if you are relying on alcohol, over-the-counter medications, or other substances to fall asleep.
It is also important to see a doctor if your partner has noticed loud snoring or breathing pauses during sleep, as these may indicate sleep apnoea. Your GP can assess whether an underlying medical or psychological condition is contributing to your sleep problems.
How a telehealth GP can help with insomnia
A NewDoc telehealth GP can conduct a thorough assessment of your sleep patterns, lifestyle, and medical history to identify the cause of your insomnia. Telehealth is well suited to insomnia consultations, as the assessment is based on discussion rather than physical examination.
Your GP can provide sleep hygiene education, prescribe medication when appropriate, order blood tests to check for contributing factors such as thyroid disorders or iron deficiency, refer you for a sleep study, or refer you to a psychologist for Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I).
Treatment options for insomnia
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is considered the first-line treatment for chronic insomnia and is recommended by Australian sleep guidelines. CBT-I addresses the thoughts, behaviours, and habits that perpetuate poor sleep. Your GP can refer you to a psychologist experienced in CBT-I, which may be covered under a Mental Health Care Plan.
Sleep hygiene improvements form an important part of treatment. These include maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, creating a dark and cool sleep environment, avoiding screens before bed, limiting caffeine and alcohol, and establishing a relaxing bedtime routine.
Medication may be considered for short-term relief while behavioural strategies take effect. Your GP may discuss medication options if clinically appropriate, including the risks and benefits for your individual situation. For suspected sleep apnoea, a referral for a home sleep study or to a sleep specialist may be arranged.